Dilation and Curettage (D&C): A Comprehensive Guide
What is a Dilation and Curettage?
A dilation and curettage (D&C) is a surgical procedure that involves dilating the cervix and scraping the lining of the uterus (endometrium) with a curette, a small, spoon-shaped instrument. The procedure is typically performed in an outpatient setting and takes approximately 10-15 minutes.
Why is a D&C Performed?
A D&C may be performed for a variety of reasons, including:
- Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: To diagnose and treat heavy menstrual bleeding, irregular bleeding, or bleeding between periods.
- Miscarriage Management: To remove retained products of conception after a miscarriage.
- Diagnosis of Uterine Conditions: To biopsy the endometrial lining to diagnose conditions such as uterine fibroids or endometrial hyperplasia.
- Endometrial Ablation: To remove the endometrial lining for the treatment of heavy bleeding.
How is a D&C Performed?
Prior to the procedure, the patient is given local anesthesia or sedation. The cervix is then dilated using a series of dilators to allow the curette to enter the uterus. The doctor uses the curette to gently scrape the lining of the uterus, removing any tissue or debris.
Recovery After a D&C
Most patients experience minimal discomfort after a D&C. Common side effects include mild cramping, vaginal bleeding, and discharge. These symptoms usually subside within a few days. It is important to refrain from strenuous activity or sexual intercourse for 1-2 weeks following the procedure.
Risks and Complications
D&C is generally a safe procedure, but like any surgery, there are potential risks and complications. These include:
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Cervical laceration
- Uterine perforation
- Asherman's syndrome (scarring of the uterus)
Conclusion
D&C is a common and effective procedure for diagnosing and treating a variety of uterine conditions. It is important to note that this article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. If you are considering a D&C, consult with your healthcare provider to discuss the risks and benefits of the procedure and determine if it is right for you.
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